Immigration policy played a significant role in the American Revolution. When American Patriots declared independence from Great Britain 250 years ago, they outlined their grievances in the Declaration of Independence. Among the 27 charges against King George III was Grievance Number 7, the accusation that the Crown obstructed immigration to the colonies and blocked lawful pathways for newcomers to become citizens.

The Declaration’s signers held diverse and evolving views on immigration, raising questions about assimilation, loyalty, and the stability of the young nation’s democratic institutions. Even with these concerns, they supported an open approach that welcomed newcomers. They saw immigrants as vital contributors to economic growth and as champions of liberty and democratic ideals.

Grievance 7 reflected frustration that the Crown had revoked earlier laws encouraging immigration and naturalization. After a large influx of non‑British immigrants arrived in “British America,” the monarchy grew wary of the colonies’ increasing political power and the spread of republican ideas. In response, Britain imposed restrictions and raised fees, causing immigration to nearly cease by the time of the Revolution. Colonists sought to reopen immigration for many reasons: to strengthen the economy, expand skilled labor, reinforce democratic values, and bolster the nation’s defense.

As we celebrate the 250th anniversary of the United States, it is worth remembering that anti‑immigration policies were among the catalysts for the Revolution—and that many immigrants fought alongside the Patriots to secure independence. Since then, generations of newcomers have joined the American story, contributing in all the ways the founders envisioned and living out the Declaration’s promise that all people have the right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.